Apentix/AP Biology/Unit 6: Gene Expression and Regulation/Question
AP Biologymediummcq1 pt

During translation elongation, which component catalyzes formation of the peptide bond between the growing polypeptide and the incoming amino acid?

A.Ribosomal RNA of the large subunit acting as a ribozyme
B.A soluble protein enzyme released into the cytosol after initiation completes assembly
C.Anticodon loops of two adjacent tRNAs pressing the amino acids together
D.An elongation factor that hydrolyzes GTP during each addition cycle

Explanation

Core Concept

No protein enzyme forms the peptide bond. The peptidyl transferase center is built from large subunit ribosomal RNA, 28S rRNA in eukaryotes and 23S rRNA in bacteria. The amino group of each incoming aminoacyl tRNA attacks the ester bond anchoring the growing chain to the P site tRNA, creating the new peptide linkage. RNA performing this catalysis makes the ribosome a ribozyme.

Correct Answer

ARibosomal RNA of the large subunit acting as a ribozyme

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