Apentix/AP Chemistry/Unit 2: Molecular and Ionic Compound Structure and Properties/Question
AP Chemistrymediummcq1 pt

Solid copper conducts electricity, but solid sodium chloride does not. What explains the difference?

A.Sodium chloride lacks charged particles, while copper contains free protons
B.Copper atoms permanently transfer electrons to one another, creating charged atoms
C.Covalent bonds inside NaCl block current until the compound melts
D.Copper's delocalized valence electrons flow freely, while Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions stay locked in lattice sites

Explanation

Core Concept

Conduction requires mobile charge carriers. Metallic bonding leaves valence electrons delocalized over the whole cation lattice, so they drift when a voltage is applied. In solid NaCl the ions carry charge but merely vibrate about fixed lattice sites, unable to flow. Only melting or dissolving frees the ions and restores conductivity.

Correct Answer

DCopper's delocalized valence electrons flow freely, while Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions stay locked in lattice sites

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