AP Environmental Sciencemediummcq1 pt
A glacier retreats, exposing new rock. After 200 years the site holds spruce trees. The lichens that appeared first were
A.pioneer species
B.climax species
C.invasive species
D.keystone predators
Explanation
Core Concept
Pioneers like lichens are the first colonizers of lifeless substrate, setting the stage for every later stage of primary succession.
Correct Answer
Apioneer species
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